Tham khảo Constantinopolis_thất_thủ

  1. ↑ Constantine XI (1449–1453) and the capture of Constantinople
  2. ↑
  3. 1 2 Donald Nicol. "Constantine XI and Mehmed II: the fall of Constantinople 1448-53"
  4. ↑ Nicol, Donald M. (1999). Bizans'ın Son Yüzyılları (1261–1453). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları. ISBN 975-333-096-0 s.418-420.
  5. ↑
  6. ↑ Nicolle, David (2007). The Fall of Constantinople: The Ottoman Conquest of Byzantium. New York: Osprey Publishing. tr. 237, 238. 
  7. ↑ Ruth Tenzel Fieldman, The Fall of Constantinople, Twenty-First Century Books, 2008, hlm. 99
  8. ↑
  9. ↑ Runciman 1965, tr. 60
  10. 1 2 Norwich, John Julius (1997). A Short History of Byzantium. New York: Vintage Books. tr. 373. 
  11. ↑ Setton, Kenneth M. (1978), The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume II: The Fifteenth Century, DIANE Publishing, tr. 146, ISBN 0-87169-127-2, While Mehmed II had been making preparations for the siege of Constantinople, he had sent the old general Turakhan and the letter's two sons, Ahmed Beg and Omar Beg to invade the Morea and to remain there all winter to prevent the despots Thomas and Demetrius from coming to assistance to their brother Constantine XI 
  12. 1 2 Runciman 1965, tr. 81
  13. ↑ Michael Spilling, ed., Battles That Changed History: Key Battles That Decided the Fate of Nations (London, Amber Books Ltd. 2010) tr. 187.
  • Bùi Đức Tịnh (biên dịch) Lịch sử thế giới, tr.175, Nhà xuất bản Văn hóa Thông tin.